Postage stamp - Wikipedia. Postage stamp may also refer to a formatting artifact in the display of film or video: Windowbox. A postage stamp is a small piece of paper that is purchased and displayed on an item of mail as evidence of payment of postage. Typically, stamps are printed on special custom- made paper, show a national designation and a denomination (value) on the front, and have an adhesive gum on the back or are self- adhesive. Postage Due - How does it work? Throughout its journey, mail may be periodically checked to ensure it has proper postage. Postage stamps are purchased from a postal administration or other authorized vendor, and are used to pay for the costs involved in moving mail, as well as other business necessities such as insurance and registration. They are sometimes a source of net profit to the issuing agency, especially when sold to collectors who will not actually use them for postage. Stamps are usually rectangular, but triangles or other shapes are occasionally used. The stamp is affixed to an envelope or other postal cover (e. Following on from their introduction at Europhilex 2015, the latest design of Horizon Postage Label has now been seen in day to day use in operational (not event) Post Offices. The example shown is from Moorgate Post Office a. Postage definition, the charge for the conveyance of a letter or other matter sent by mail, usually prepaid by means of a stamp or stamps. Postage - Translation to Spanish, pronunciation, and forum discussions. The history of postage rates in the United States, 1863 to present, as well as several notes about the addition of zip codes, postcards and a lower rate for mail heavier than one ounce. Also a few news items about the US. Buying and Selling U.S. Postage stamp may also refer to a formatting artifact in the display of film or video: Windowbox. Postage Stamp Chat Board & Stamp Bulletin Board Forum World's No#1 place to discuss STAMP COLLECTING and PHILATELY! ZERO cost to ANYONE - NO annoying ads everywhere! The Postage Due Mail Study Group was formed at the start of 1997, and has brought together collectors and researchers all over the world. Current membership is 110 – with a quarter overseas. The Study Group's scope is. The item is then processed by the postal system, where a postmark, sometimes known as a cancellation mark, is usually applied in overlapping manner to stamp and cover. This procedure marks the stamp as used to prevent its reuse. In modern usage, postmarks generally indicate the date and point of origin of the mailing. The mailed item is then delivered to the address the customer has applied to the envelope or parcel. Postage stamps have facilitated the delivery of mail since the 1. Before then, ink and hand- stamps (hence the word 'stamp'), usually made from wood or cork, were often used to frank the mail and confirm the payment of postage. The first adhesive postage stamp, commonly referred to as the Penny Black, was issued in the United Kingdom in 1. The invention of the stamp was part of an attempt to reform and improve the postal system in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Concurrently with the first stamps, the UK offered wrappers for mail. Later related inventions include postal stationery such as prepaid- postage envelopes, post cards, lettercards, aerogrammes, postage meters, and, more recently, specialty boxes and envelopes provided free to the customer by the U. S. With the conveniences stamps offered, their use resulted in greatly increased mailings during the 1. Stamp collecting can be both a hobby and a form of historical study and reference, as government- issued postage stamps and their mailing systems have always been involved with the history of nations. The postage for the mailed item was prepaid by the use of a hand- stamp to frank the mailed item, confirming payment of postage. Though this 'stamp' was applied to a letter instead of a separate piece of paper it is considered by many historians as the world's first postage stamp. He submitted a copy of this to the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Thomas Spring- Rice, on 4 January 1. The Chancellor summoned Hill to a meeting during which the Chancellor suggested improvements and changes to be presented in a supplement, which Hill duly produced and supplied on 2. January 1. 83. 7. During his evidence, he read from the letter he wrote to the Chancellor, including a statement the notation of paid postage could be created . Shortly afterward, the second edition of Hill. This booklet, containing some 2. Chancellor, and statements he made to the Commission. Hansard records that on 1. December 1. 83. 7, Benjamin Hawes inquired to the Chancellor of the Exchequer . With the new policy of charging by weight, using envelopes for mailing documents became the norm. Until his death in 1. Patrick Chalmers campaigned to gain recognition for his father as the inventor of the postage stamp. The first independent evidence for Chalmers' claim is the essay and proposal he submitted for adhesive postage stamps to the General Post Office, dated 8 February 1. Post Office on 1. February 1. 83. 8. I conceive that the most simple and economical mode .. Chalmers' original document is now in the UK's National Postal Museum. Given the postage denominations stated in James Chalmers' essay mirrored those proposed by Rowland Hill in February 1. Chalmers was aware of Hill. It is unknown whether Chalmers obtained a copy of Hill. Neither of Hill's articles mention of . This suggests either Chalmers previously read Hill's booklet and was merely expounding on Hill's idea, or he concurrently and independently developed the idea of the modern postage stamp. James Chalmers organized petitions . The first such petition was presented in the House of Commons on 4 December 1. Montrose). In this period of time, other groups organized petitions and presented them to Parliament. All petitions for consumer- oriented, low- cost, volume based postal rates following the disclosure of Hill's proposals. Other claimants. Other claimants include or have included. With its introduction, the postage fee was paid by the sender and not the recipient, though it was still possible to send mail without prepaying. From when the first postage stamps were used, postmarks were applied to prevent the stamps being used again. Two days later, 8 May 1. Two pence blue was introduced. The Penny black was sufficient for a letter less than half an ounce to be sent anywhere within the UK. Both stamps included an engraving of the young Queen Victoria, without perforations, as the first stamps were separated from their sheets by cutting them with scissors. The first stamps did not need to show the issuing country, so no country name was included on them. The UK remains the only country to omit its name on postage stamps. Following the introduction of the postage stamp in the UK, prepaid postage considerably increased the number of letters mailed. Before 1. 83. 9, the number of letters sent in the UK was typically 7. By 1. 85. 0 this increased five- fold to 3. Although the Penny black could be used to send a letter less than half an ounce anywhere within the UK, the Swiss did not initially adopt that system, instead continuing to calculate mail rates based on distance to be delivered. Brazil issued the Bull. Using the same printer used for the Penny black, Brazil opted for an abstract design instead of the portrait of Emperor Pedro II, so his image would not be disfigured by a postmark. In 1. 84. 5 some postmasters in the United States issued their own stamps, but it was not until 1. U. S. A few other countries issued stamps in the late 1. The famous Mauritius . Many others, such as India, started their use in the 1. Perforation of postage stamps began in January 1. Stamps from Henry Archer's perforation trials were issued in the last few months of 1. They were rectangular in shape. They bore the images of Queens, Presidents and other political figures. They also depicted the denomination of the postage- paid, and with the exception of the United Kingdom. Soon after the introduction of the postage stamp, other subjects and designs began to appear. Some designs were welcome, others widely criticized. For example, in 1. U. S. Post Office broke tradition of depicting presidents or other famous historical figures, instead using other subjects including a train, and horse. The resulting frame- like, rippled edge surrounding the separated stamp defines a characteristic meme for the appearance of a postage stamp. In the first decade of postage stamps' existence (depending on the country), stamps were issued without perforations. Scissors or other cutting mechanisms were required to separate a desired number of stamps from a full sheet. If cutting tools were not used, individual stamps were torn off. This is evidenced by the ragged edges of surviving examples. Mechanically separating stamps from a sheet proved an inconvenience for postal clerks and businesses, both dealing with large numbers of individual stamps on a daily basis. By 1. 85. 0, methods such as rouletting wheels were being devised in efforts of making stamp separation more convenient, and less time consuming. The first officially perforated postage stamp. The United Kingdom was the first country to issue postage stamps with perforations. The first machine specifically designed to perforate sheets of postage stamps was invented in London by Henry Archer, an Irish landowner and railroad man from Dublin, Ireland. After a period of trial and error and modifications of Archer's invention, new machines based on the principles pioneered by Archer were purchased and in 1. U. K. In the U. S., the use of postage stamps caught on quickly and became more widespread when on March 3, 1. Congress passed the Act of March 3, 1. An Act to reduce and modify the Rates of Postage in the United States). Thereafter, postage stamp use in the U. S. Post Office on February 2. Between 1. 85. 7 and 1. Initial capacity was insufficient to perforate all stamps printed, thus perforated issues used between February and July 1. The United States issued its first circular stamp in 2. Stamps that are printed on sheets are generally separated by perforations, though, more recently, with the advent of gummed stamps that do not have to be moistened prior to affixing them, designs can incorporate smooth edges (although a purely decorative perforated edge is often present). Stamps are most commonly made from paper designed specifically for them, and are printed in sheets, rolls, or small booklets. Less commonly, postage stamps are made of materials other than paper, such as embossed foil (sometimes of gold). Switzerland made a stamp that contained a bit of lace and one of wood. The United States produced one of plastic. East Germany issued a stamp of synthetic chemicals. In the Netherlands a stamp was made of silver foil. Bhutan issued one with its national anthem on a playable record. Graphical subjects found on postage stamps have ranged from the early portrayals of kings, queens and presidents to later depictions of ships, birds and satellites. Early stamp images were almost always produced from engravings .
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